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Alumina

Alumina is aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃), a white crystalline powder that serves as the principal feedstock for primary aluminium production. It is refined from bauxite ore through the Bayer process, in which bauxite is digested in caustic soda at high temperature and pressure to dissolve the aluminium-bearing minerals, leaving behind iron-rich red mud residue. The resulting aluminium hydroxide is then calcined to produce alumina. Approximately two tonnes of alumina are required to produce one tonne of primary aluminium metal via the Hall–Héroult electrolytic smelting process. Beyond its dominant role in aluminium production, alumina is also used in ceramics, refractories, abrasives, catalysts and polishing compounds owing to its hardness and chemical stability. Global alumina production is concentrated in countries with large bauxite reserves, including Australia, China, Brazil and Guinea, as well as in regions with access to low-cost energy for refining. The alumina market is closely linked to aluminium demand from the automotive, construction, packaging and aerospace sectors. Bauxite residue, or red mud, generated during refining presents environmental and storage challenges, prompting research into tailings reprocessing and recovery of by-products such as rare earth elements, gallium and scandium. Alumina refining is energy-intensive and a significant contributor to the carbon footprint of the aluminium value chain, driving interest in lower-emission refining technologies and circular economy approaches.

Alumina News


Rio Tinto's Yarwun alumina refinery
Rio Tinto signs five-year bio pellet deal with SuperChar to cut alumina refinery emissions
22nd July 2026 By: Reuters

Rio Tinto said on Wednesday it had signed a five-year deal with Australian bioenergy firm SuperChar to supply bio pellets to the miner's alumina refineries in Gladstone, supporting its shift toward... 


South32 COO Africa Noel Pillay.
Alcoa is well positioned to operate South Africa’s Hillside Aluminium, says Pillay
17th July 2026 By: Martin Creamer

As a global producer of materials across the aluminium value chain, Alcoa Corporation is well positioned to operate South Africa’s Hillside Aluminium business into the future, South32 COO Africa... 


Silicon Ridge PEA estimates $12.1-billion after-tax NPV
Silicon Ridge PEA estimates $12.1-billion after-tax NPV
16th July 2026 By: Sabrina Jardim

US-based, vertically integrated producer of advanced materials and critical mineral solutions Ionic Mineral Technologies (Ionic MT) has announced the results of an independent preliminary economic... 


Image of Nigeria map/flag
Alumina refinery, Nigeria
10th July 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

Africa Finance Corporation and the Nigerian government, through the Solid Minerals Development Fund plan to build an alumina refinery with a one-million-tonne-a-year capacity. 


South Africa's Hillside Aluminium in KwaZulu-Natal.
South32 deal enabling Alcoa to surpass Rio as world’s biggest bauxite miner
2nd July 2026 By: Martin Creamer

With the acquisition of South32’s aluminium assets, Alcoa will surpass Rio Tinto to become the world's largest bauxite mining company on an equity-attributable production basis, with global share... 


Alcoa President and CEO Bill Oplinger.
Alcoa sees South Africa’s Hillside Aluminium being 'cash flow accretive immediately'
2nd July 2026 By: Martin Creamer

This asset adds scale to our smelting portfolio in a way that is expected to be cash flow accretive immediately, Alcoa Corporation President and CEO William (Bill) F Oplinger said of South Africa’s... 


Century Aluminium product
US metal producers Brimstone, Century ink MoU to strengthen primary aluminium production
25th June 2026 By: Marleny Arnoldi

US-based alumina and other industrial materials company Brimstone has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the largest American primary aluminium producer, Century Aluminium, to... 


Alcoa refinery
Alcoa flags lower Australian alumina shipments after cyclone
11th June 2026 By: Reuters

US-based bauxite, alumina, and aluminum producer Alcoa Corporation expects shipments from its Pinjarra alumina refinery in Australia to fall by around 120 000t in the second quarter compared to the... 


Empire Metals' Pitfield titanium project in Western Australia
Empire Metals confirms premium titanium dioxide, alumina production viability in Pitfield flowheet
11th June 2026 By: Marleny Arnoldi

Aim-listed Empire Metals has completed an integrated metallurgical processing flowsheet for the Pitfield titanium project, in Western Australia, capable of producing a premium 99% titanium dioxide... 


AnorTech's Gronne Bjerg aluminum calcium silicate (anorthosite) project in Greenland
Anorthosite developer partners with Canadian research body to advance carbon capture tech
9th June 2026 By: Creamer Media Reporter

TSX-V-listed AnorTech, which is pioneering the next generation of sustainable materials from anorthosite, has announced it will collaborate with the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) to... 


Alumina 'red mud' tailings site in Louisiana
Colorado School of Mines, ElementUSA awarded US gov funding to recover rare earths from alumina tailings
3rd June 2026 By: Marleny Arnoldi

Research university Colorado School of Mines and mid-stream minerals processing company ElementUSA have been awarded $67-million in funding from the US Department of Energy (DoE) to build a plant... 


A bauxite mine in Guinea
Chalco agrees to build alumina plant in Guinea for $1bn
22nd May 2026 By: Bloomberg

Aluminum Corp of China, the country’s largest State-owned producer of the lightweight metal, has agreed to invest $1-billion in an alumina plant in Guinea to tap local bauxite resources. Chalco, as... 


Gallium
Gallium metal research and development project, Canada
22nd May 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

Rio Tinto is advancing a research and development project to extract primary gallium from its alumina refining process. 


Bauxite ore in hand
Brazilian Rare Earths announces newco spinout to manage bauxite project
19th May 2026 By: Marleny Arnoldi

ASX-listed Brazilian Rare Earths (BRE) has announced plans to demerge its 100%-owned Amargosa bauxite/gallium project in Brazil, into a newly formed ASX-listed company called Alurion Resources.... 


Location map of the Minim Martap project
Minim Martap bauxite project, Cameroon – update
15th May 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

Canyon Resources has further strengthened the logistics platform. 


A Minim Martap
Canyon shores up rail, port influence for Cameroon project
8th May 2026 By: Tasneem Bulbulia

ASX-listed Canyon Resources’ in-country subsidiary Camalco Cameroon has increased its equity holding in Camrail from 9.1% to 26.9% through a cash consideration of about A$23.8-million, representing... 


South32's Cannington mine
South32 lowers full-year manganese guidance by 6%
22nd April 2026 By: Reuters

Diversified miner South32 lowered its full‑year forecast on April 22 for its Australia Manganese unit after wet-season rainfall and Tropical Cyclone Narelle disrupted operations. The company also... 


Canyon CEO resigns
13th April 2026 By: Tasneem Bulbulia

Peter Secker has tendered his resignation as CEO of ASX-listed Canyon Resources CEO, citing personal reasons. He will, however, remain in his role over the coming months to lead Canyon through the... 


Location map of the Minim Martap project
Minim Martap bauxite project, Cameroon – update
27th March 2026 By: Sheila Barradas

The surface miner has been mobilised to site and mining operations are scheduled to start before the end of March.  


Boyne smelter
A$2bn deal to secure Boyne aluminium smelter, boost energy transition
25th March 2026 By: Mariaan Webb

Rio Tinto, the Queensland government and the Australian federal government have announced a A$2-billion partnership to secure the long-term future of the Boyne aluminium smelter in Gladstone, while... 


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