Andry Rajoelina

Andry Rajoelina is a Malagasy politician and entrepreneur who serves as President of Madagascar. He is a controversial figure in African politics, having first come to power in 2009 through a military-backed coup that ousted President Marc Ravalomanana, leading to his suspension from the African Union. Rajoelina initially served as President of the High Transitional Authority from 2009 to 2014, a period marked by international isolation and economic challenges for Madagascar. He was democratically elected as President in 2018 and re-elected in 2023, though both elections were disputed by opposition parties. Before entering politics, Rajoelina built a successful career in media and advertising, founding the Injet television and radio network. His political rise began as mayor of Antananarivo, Madagascar's capital, from 2007 to 2009. Rajoelina's presidency has focused on infrastructure development, economic reform and attempts to restore Madagascar's standing within regional bodies such as the African Union. His relationship with the AU has been complex, given the organisation's strong stance against unconstitutional changes of government as outlined in instruments such as the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance. Rajoelina's governance style and his path to power continue to shape debates about democratic transitions and constitutional order in Africa. He remains a polarising figure in Malagasy politics, with supporters praising his development initiatives and critics questioning his democratic credentials.