Jacob Zuma

Jacob Zuma is a South African politician who served as the fourth president of South Africa from 2009 to 2018. He is a member of the African National Congress (ANC), the party he joined in 1959 and within which he held senior positions for decades. Zuma's presidency was marked by persistent allegations of corruption, state capture and governance failures, culminating in his resignation in February 2018 under pressure from the ANC's national executive committee. Before becoming president, he served as deputy president of South Africa under Thabo Mbeki from 1999 to 2005, a position from which he was dismissed amid corruption charges related to the arms deal. Zuma was elected ANC president in December 2007, defeating Mbeki at the party's Polokwane conference, and led the party to victory in the 2009 and 2014 general elections. His tenure saw the establishment of commissions of inquiry into state capture and governance at state-owned enterprises, many of which implicated individuals in his administration. After leaving office, Zuma was sentenced to 15 months' imprisonment in 2021 for contempt of court after refusing to appear before the Zondo Commission, sparking unrest in KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng. In 2023 he became the face of the uMkhonto weSizwe Party (MK Party), a new political formation that contested the 2024 elections and drew support away from the ANC, particularly in his home province of KwaZulu-Natal. Zuma was born in Nkandla, KwaZulu-Natal, in 1942 and was active in the anti-apartheid struggle, serving a ten-year sentence on Robben Island alongside Nelson Mandela. He rose through ANC structures in exile, serving in the party's intelligence division and later as head of its intelligence department. His political career has been defined by both his role in the liberation movement and the controversies that have surrounded his time in office and beyond.