A vehicle emerges from the entrance to the Lily gold mine, in Barberton, owned by the Australian Stock Exchange-listed Vantage Goldfields, which is taking steps to ramp up the mine’s production to 32 000 oz/y of gold in 2015. A shallow, underground operation using mechanised mining methods benefiting from economies of scale, Lily currently produces 25 000 oz/y at a rate of 360 000 t/y and makes use of the refurbished metallurgical plant at the company’s Barbrook mine, which Vantage is resuscitating, starting with initial production of 13 000 oz/y and eventually increasing that in time to its ultimate target of 60 000 oz/y.