Liquefied Petroleum Gas

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a flammable hydrocarbon fuel consisting primarily of propane and butane, stored and transported under pressure in liquid form. LPG is produced as a by-product of natural gas processing and crude oil refining, making it a versatile energy source derived from both petroleum and gas operations. The fuel is widely used for cooking, heating, industrial processes and as an automotive fuel, particularly in regions where natural gas pipeline infrastructure is limited. LPG is considered a cleaner-burning alternative to coal and traditional biomass fuels, producing lower emissions of particulates and greenhouse gases. In Africa, LPG plays an important role in household energy access, with governments and development agencies promoting its adoption to reduce reliance on wood and charcoal. The fuel is distributed in pressurised cylinders for domestic use and in bulk for commercial and industrial applications. Major oil and gas companies, as well as independent distributors, supply LPG across the continent. The sector faces challenges including infrastructure investment, cylinder standardisation, safety regulation and affordability for low-income households. LPG is also used as a feedstock in the petrochemicals industry for the production of plastics and synthetic materials.